A Simple Framework for Contracts in Federated Database Systems William M. Farmer, Mark E. Nadel 1995 Abstract A federated database system is a collection of organizations, called a federation, and a collection of databases belonging to the organizations. Members of the federation can enter into contracts that specify how data is shared between the databases of the system. An important issue is how the contracts interact with one another. This paper presents a simple framework for writing contracts in federated database systems that limits contract interaction, and thereby, makes it possible to detect contention between contracts.